The Importance of Not Underestimating the Fair Market Value of Your 1031 Exchange Property

Estimating the fair market value of your replacement property in a 1031 exchange is important. There are several potential negative ramifications if you underestimate the fair market value of your properties during a 1031 exchange. In this article, we'll take a look at a recent case study in which a taxpayer had a failed exchange because he underestimated the fair market value of his property.

Underestimating Fair Market Value

In a recent 1031 exchange audit, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) partly disallowed an exchange because the taxpayer identified more than 200% of the value of the property sold.

The taxpayer identified five properties during the 1031 identification period. The total value of the identified properties was 267% of the value of the property sold. The taxpayer acquired two properties during the identification period, and another property after the ID period had expired. The total value of these properties was less than 95% of the value of the properties identified.

1031 Identification Rules

Remember, a 1031 exchange needs to abide by the following 1031 identification rules:

• During the 45-day identification period, a taxpayer can identify up to three properties, regardless of value.

• A taxpayer can identify more than three properties as long as the total value of the identified properties does not exceed 200% of the value of the property sold.

• If both of these rules are violated, the taxpayer will be treated as having failed to identify any properties, except:

  • Any properties actually acquired by the taxpayer during the Identification Period will be considered properly identified; and

  • All properties identified during the Identification Period will be treated as properly identified if the taxpayer actually acquires properties with a total value equal to 95% of the total value of the properties identified.

In this particular case, the two properties acquired during the ID period were properly identified like-kind properties. The property acquired after the ID period was not like-kind property. As a result, the sales proceeds allocated to this third property were disallowed from the 1031 exchange and treated as boot.

•  Start Your 1031 Exchange: If you have questions about 1031 exchanges, feel free to call me at 612-643-1031.

Defer the tax. Maximize your gain.

© 2021 Copyright Jeffrey R. Peterson All Rights Reserved

The Danger of Falsifying or Inflating the Value of your 1031 Replacement Property

When you are doing a 1031 Exchange, you generally want to hit three benchmarks called the napkin test. These are generalities that typically bear out to be good indicators of whether or not all of the gains will be deferred in a 1031 Exchange. Here are the benchmarks.

Step One – Equal or Greater Value

One, you typically want to buy a replacement property of equal or greater value than the relinquished property that you gave up. So, we want to go up in value, and get a bigger, better property.

Step Two – Equal or Greater Equity

Secondly, we want to take all of our net equity, all of our proceeds from the disposition, the sale of our relinquished property. Imagine a big stack of poker chips in front of your relinquished property. I want to slide all of those poker chips over into the replacement property. So, I am moving all of my equity from A to B. So, the second rule of thumb is I want to move all of my equity into the replacement property rather than taking any cash or chips off the table, which would be treated as taxable boot.

Step Three – Off-set Your Debt Relief

The last benchmark, the third thing that I am trying to juggle, is that to the extent that I am paying off mortgages and debt on the relinquished property, I need to offset that debt relief with either new debt taken out in conjunction with the replacement property. So, I could take out a new purchase money mortgage, or I could assume the seller’s existing mortgage that would satisfy my debt relief if I acquired a replacement property with at least an equivalent amount of debt. Or, alternatively, I can offset my debt relief by putting more of my own cash into the replacement property. Cash in will also offset debt relief.

Coming Up Short on Sufficient Value

Well, here is where things get a little bit crazy. What if a person wants to acquire a replacement property that is not of sufficient value, but they are willing to gross up that price, fabricate, inflate the value of the price and report the transaction as if they acquired a replacement property of greater value. Let’s say that the real value of the property is $100,000, but the taxpayer grosses up the sale price to $150,000, so that they acquiring a replacement property of sufficient value. Suppose that they are buying from a friend who is willing to go along with it. Perhaps the friend is even willing to split the difference and to send back some of that inflated proceeds to the purchaser. They will give it back under the table. This is not acceptable. Filing a false or fraudulent tax return is a criminal offense. Knowing and willful attempts to evade or defeat income tax due is a crime.

There is a big difference between legally deferring your taxes in a proper 1031 Exchange and stretching the truth to fabricating the value of your replacement property.

Do Not Do the Crime

Section 7201 says that any person who willfully attempts to evade or defeat any tax imposed by this title, or the payment thereof, shall in addition to other penalties provided by law, be guilty of a felony. And, upon conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned not more than five years. Or they may be fined not more than $250,000 for individuals or both together with the costs of prosecution.

Exchange Your Investment Real Estate

Thinking about selling your investment real estate but don’t want to face a capital gains tax burden? Then a 1031 exchange is the tool you need! By reinvesting your sales proceeds into a replacement property, a 1031 exchange allows you to defer 100% of your capital gains taxes when selling real property. CPEC1031 has over twenty years of experience facilitating such transactions. Let us help you navigate the process. Contact us today at our Minneapolis office to get started!

• Start Your 1031 Exchange: If you have questions about 1031 exchanges, feel free to call me at 612-643-1031.

Defer the tax. Maximize your gain.

© 2019 Copyright Jeffrey R. Peterson All Rights Reserved